Ever needed to SSH into a server, but found yourself limited by your employer's firewall/filtering system? Perhaps they have a L7 filter and simply drop outbound SSH traffic? Here I'll provide a simple, safe, and secure solution, so long as you can make outbound SSL connections (typically done on port 443, HTTPS).
First off, you'll need stunnel. Stunnel is a universal SSL wrapper, which allows you to wrap almost anything in SSL. This is useful if you have custom, in house applications which don't have SSL, but you'd like them to. Also handy for encrypting traffic which is not encrypted, such as telnet (Windows) and syslog.
Configure the stunnel server
Before you can do anything, you'll need to configure a server (it can be anywhere outside of the network you're in) to bounce the connection off of. If you'd like, you can have the SSH server and stunnel server be the same machine.
Create an stunnel configuration file; a simple one is shown below. Global options are on top and service-specific options are grouped by [service]. The example below makes configures stunnel to listen on 0.0.0.0:443 (the HTTPS port) and forward stunnel connections to localhost:22. Note that by manually specifying the remote host such as connect = system1.myservers.com:22 you'll be able to bounce your connect off the stunnel server to another machine.
stunnel-server.conf:
Now simply run stunnel from the command line (since we're listening on a port that's < 1024, we'll have to do this as root):
# sudo stunnel stunnel-server.conf
If you check netstat, you should see it listening. If you have problems getting it to start up, make sure that apache or some other service isn't using port 443!
Note: It has been reported that adding options = DONT_INSERT_EMPTY_FRAGMENTS to the global section may avoid problems. You can debug issues using foreground = yes in the global section, too.
Configure the client
The client is configured much like the server, but in reverse; this may seem confusing, but it all works like this:
Again, here's a basic configuration file to get you started:
stunnel-client.conf:
When you run stunnel, stunnel will connect to the server listed in connect = and forward connections on your *LOCAL* machine through the tunnel and to the stunnel on the remote server.
Starting the tunnel on the client is the same as on the server; since we're again going to be listening on a port < 1024, we'll need to sudo (optionally, you can use a higher port, such as 2222, then 'ssh localhost:2222'):
# sudo stunnel stunnel-client.conf
If you use Windows, simply update the provided configuration file and run stunnel.
Further Uses of stunnel
As I mentioned previously, you can use stunnel to wrap many other connections in SSL. In high security areas, stunnel and SSL certificates can be used to strictly limit access to specific services (see the stunnel FAQ on certificates for more information).
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Hello,
Thanks for a good article. But my question is my network is blocked through http proxy. So if i want to access internet, i have to put proxy username/password to access.
I am trying to established stunnel to access my server ssh. But i am not finding to where to put proxy username/password to authenticate from proxy server and then it goes to my ssh server.
Waiting for response.
Regards,
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very thanks for this tip, this is my need, I had use one software Stunnel, this stunnel program is designed to work as an SSL encryption wrapper between remote client and local (inetd-startable) or remote server. it work fine too.
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hello my question is: is this only Linux usable and how do i actually get stunnel to startup?? thanks in advance
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